tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15327081644602303942024-03-12T22:28:03.655-07:00Secrets of Baby BehaviorStarting a new family can be a wonderful yet stressful experience. Newborns, and even older babies, can seem mysterious and taking care of them may be a little scary. Fortunately, babies are born with the skills and desire to tell parents what they need. In this blog, experienced moms (who happen to be experts) will help parents understand why babies behave the way they do and share tips to help parents cope with the ups and downs of this new and exciting time of life.Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.comBlogger447125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-18262723159453409232014-08-15T10:43:00.000-07:002014-08-15T10:43:03.198-07:007 Facts about Maternal Depression<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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With depression in the news this week, we wanted to join so many others who are trying to address misinformation about depression and mental health issues. Before I say anything more, I want to say that I am not an expert (in any way) about postpartum depression nor am I qualified to diagnose any mental health condition. But, here are some basic facts that expectant moms, new moms, and loving friends and family should know about maternal depression. <br />
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<strong>1. Maternal depression does not have a timeline.</strong><br />
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We hear most about "postpartum" depression occurring in the early weeks and months after a baby is born. But depression can occur during pregnancy, early in the postpartum period, and after the baby is older. Any mother showing signs of depression needs to seek help and she should not wait to see if she "gets over it."<br />
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<strong>2. Depression is not the same thing as sadness.</strong><br />
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Because "depression" is used so freely to refer to everyday feelings of sadness or low energy, people can be confused and expect that mothers who are depressed must cry everyday. It is important to consult the resources below if you are unsure of what it means to be depressed. <br />
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<strong>3. Maternal depression is not a choice or something that women can be "strong enough" or "brave enough" to avoid.</strong><br />
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For so long, mental health disorders have carried a stigma because they were so poorly understood by those who had no personal experience to draw from. Because there are people who write about "beating" their mental health issues on their own, there can be an expectation that it is a matter of strength or perseverance. Don't believe it and don't wait to get help for yourself or any mother you love.<br />
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<strong>4. Maternal depression can happen to anyone but is more likely to occur among women with a history of depression.</strong><br />
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If you or a mother you love has had a history of depression or other mental health disorders, it is important to have a plan or step in sooner should you become concerned. Having challenges earlier in life does not always mean that you will have a recurrence during or after pregnancy but the risk is high enough that you want get the resources in place so you can get help quickly if you need to. Tell your doctor, get informed, and make a plan.<br />
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<strong>5. Depressed mothers may not ask for help.</strong><br />
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Depression is so disempowering that those who suffer most are least likely to seek help for themselves. If you are concerned about a mom you love, don't assume that you should give up if your offer for help is turned away. Use the resources below to get better informed and strategies to support moms who can't yet see that anything can help them.<br />
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<strong>6. Treatment takes time and may take multiple efforts.</strong><br />
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Every human being is biologically unique. There is no one medication, treatment, therapy, or experience that turns depression on or off. Be prepared that recovery can take time and several different strategies. Any person going through this process needs support by people who are well informed and prepared to make sure that giving up is not an option.<br />
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<strong>7. Helping moms with depression, can have a huge impact on children's lives.</strong><br />
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You may have wondered why the "Secrets of Baby Behavior" has a blog post about maternal depression. It is because there is no doubt that maternal depression can have a terrible impact on babies and young children. In homes where trusted and loving adults are supporting moms who are struggling and making sure that babies and young children get the care they need, many of the negative outcomes can be prevented. Helping families in these situations is not easy but the right support can change children's lives.<br />
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<strong>Special Note to Moms and Friends and Family:</strong> There are excellent online resources for anyone seeking more information about maternal depression (see below), but we think it is really important that you talk to<em> a qualified person</em> if you are worried about yourself or someone else who might have depression. Start with your health care provider, a qualified therapist, or a community helpline. If calling one of these resources seems overwhelming (and that is not strange or being weak) ask a trusted friend or family member to do it for you, but you will need to be close by to verify that you are seeking help. <br />
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More is known now about depression and other mood disorders than ever before. Reach out, now. <br />
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<a href="http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression/basics/definition/con-20029130">Mayo Clinic - Basic Information</a><br />
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<a href="http://womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/depression-pregnancy.html">Office of Women's Health - Answers to Questions</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/5-things-dads-can-do-understand-help-postpartum-depression">Information for Dads and others supporting mothers at risk</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.postpartum.net/">Postpartum Support International - dedicated website and helpline</a><br />
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Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-1426469536313553952014-08-11T20:38:00.002-07:002014-08-11T20:38:45.290-07:00Where is Everybody?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Hello everyone! We've had a string of transitions this summer that have pulled us away from our writing and pushed back our planned reorganization of this blog. JenG has taken a wonderful new job (we miss her!) and we are finishing up some big projects and getting ready to start another one. We've been traveling again and the weeks just keep flying by. But things are finally settling down and we're looking forward to getting back into sharing information regularly with you very soon. <br />
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It is hard to believe that it has been more than 5 years since we started this blog. In the next few weeks, we'll pass 3 million page views. Thank you again to all of you who have shared the URL or a post with others. <br />
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If this is your first time to our blog, we encourage you to read the basics on babies <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-3-understanding.html">cues</a>, <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-4-crying-your-babys.html">crying</a>, and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-1-reasons-why.html">sleep</a> before you move on to other topics by searching the key words down the left side of the page. You can also find our most popular posts by scrolling <em>way</em> down to the bottom of the page. <br />
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We hope you are having a great summer!<br />
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Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-60959016043865590642014-07-04T19:26:00.002-07:002014-07-04T19:26:56.209-07:00Happy 4th of July<br />
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We hope all of our US readers have a wonderful and safe holiday weekend!Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-64797206699587570632014-06-27T13:25:00.000-07:002014-06-27T13:25:11.994-07:00Goodbye!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Hello Everyone! This is Jen G. I would like to let you know that I will soon be leaving the Human Lactation Center to work at the California Department of Public Health. It has been a pleasure working with and learning from both Jane and Jen B., and I have enjoyed meeting so many of you, our readers, at Baby Behavior trainings across the country. It has been an exciting ride and I look forward to continuing my work with Baby Behavior in California. However, I will miss getting to share research and my personal experiences with you through this blog! Best wishes to the mommies (and daddies) out there trying to better understand their babies and to those that provide Baby Behavior education to parents!<br />
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Take care,<br />
<em>Jen G.</em><br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-18400591749131580072014-06-17T09:52:00.002-07:002014-06-17T09:52:54.713-07:00We're 5 Years Old!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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The Secrets of Baby Behavior blog is 5 years old! Thank you to our readers for your wonderful support and 2,670,148 page views! There will be a lot of changes in the year ahead. We look forward to sharing them with you.<br />
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PS: Don't tell anyone about the cake. After all, we are experts<em> </em>in<em> nutrition....</em>Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-5863174694261082532014-06-06T08:00:00.000-07:002014-06-06T08:00:01.315-07:00Summer Travel With Your BabyAre you getting ready for Summer vacation? Learn about why preparation is the key to a great trip and how paying attention to your baby's cues can result in a happier baby on the road in the posts <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2012/06/summer-travel-with-your-baby-part-i.html">Summer Travel With Your Baby-Part 1</a> and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2012/06/summer-travel-with-your-baby-part-ii.html">Part 2</a>. <br />
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Then for 10 tips on how to make traveling with an infant less stressful, click <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2009/12/slight-detour-10-tips-for-traveling.html">here</a>. <br />
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Travelling alone with your baby? Learn how to navigate your adventure by reading <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/08/10-tips-for-traveling-on-your-own-with_10.html">10 Tips for Travelling (on your own) With Your Baby</a>.<br />
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Are you visiting friends who don't have a baby? Read <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/02/reader-question-visiting-friends-with.html">Visiting Friends With Baby</a>.<br />
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Happy travels!<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-70480249421821761642014-06-03T08:00:00.000-07:002014-06-03T08:00:05.618-07:00Getting Ready for Summer With Your Baby!This week in the Sacramento valley region of California we will be hitting 100 degrees! There is no better time than now to share our Summer safety tips for baby with you! Read about keeping your baby cool and sun safety <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2011/07/summer-safety.html">here</a>. Also, for answers to such questions as "Do babies under 6-months of age need additional water?" and "At what age is it recommended that babies start wearing sunscreen?", check out our Summer Safety Quiz Answers <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2013/07/summer-safety-quiz-answers.html">here</a>. <br />
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<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-45389557163901569672014-05-20T15:58:00.000-07:002014-05-20T15:58:47.265-07:00Welcome to Our New Readers!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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For those of you new to our blog, welcome! This blog is published as a service of the UC Davis Human Lactation Center located in the Department of Nutrition at the University of California, Davis. We would like to tell you how our blog works and where you can find "The Basics" of Baby Behavior, which is a great series of posts to start with if you are new, or if you haven't been around here in a while. You can begin with our overviews on your baby's <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-3-understanding.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">cues</span></a>, <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-4-crying-your-babys.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">crying</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-1-reasons-why.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">sleep patterns</span></a>.</div>
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Everything else we've posted is available to you and there are a few ways you can find what you are looking for.</div>
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<li>On the left side, in the section titled <i>Blog Archive</i>, you can find links to every blog we've posted (the titles of each blog are listed with the most recent at the top). </li>
<li>If you have a specific topic you are interested in, you can use the keyword links, in the <i>Labels</i> section, to find related entries. </li>
<li>If you just want to browse full entries, you can use the <i>older posts</i> link at the bottom right of the page. This link will take you through the posts, beginning with the most recent. </li>
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We hope that you find the information we've provided useful. We are currently in the process of reorganizing the blog but for now, we hope you can find what you are looking for. If not, just let us know. We love to answer our readers' questions and are always accepting new ideas for future posts! Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-51849422105180253752014-05-13T08:12:00.001-07:002014-05-13T08:12:41.170-07:00Baby Sign Language/Gesturing and Language Development<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A few
weeks ago, we asked readers to send us their questions about infant
communication. We received some great questions and wanted to get started by
answering this one:<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></i><br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Any evidence of using signs
increasing or decreasing language development?</span></i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">As
researchers and mothers, we’ve heard a lot about baby signing over the years
and like this reader, we’ve wondered, what does the evidence say? While baby
signing has become very popular, does scientific research support its use?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The
benefits of baby sign language can be a pretty controversial topic. There are
many parental reports of great benefits for infants taught baby signs, such as
decreased frustration and tantrums, early verbal skills, and improved
infant-parent interaction and bonding, just to name a few. However, the
scientific research is not as promising. The majority of studies have been
small and researchers have been unable to confirm that infant signing benefits
babies' language development. Limited research does suggest that babies can learn and
use sign language to help them communicate prior to using spoken words, but
whether or not this improves their language development is questionable. On the
other hand, there is also no research that shows that signing hinders language
development. There is also limited evidence showing that baby sign language
improves mother-infant interactions. Here is an overview of a few of the recent
studies that are out there.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Babies
first use gestures (like pointing or reaching) around 10 months of age. By the
end of the first year they also use symbolic gestures like pretending to drink
from a cup. A study by Kirk, et al (2013) sought to find out if encouraging the
early use of these gestures or baby sign language specifically, impacted
language development and infant-mother interactions. In this small, well-designed
study, gesture training (signs) did not significantly improve language
development. There was, however, some effect for males that scored low for
expressive communication <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(communicating
with others either verbally or with gestures) at the beginning of the study; they
experienced gains in their expressive communication abilities when exposed to
gestures compared to those that were not (though this analysis was only done
with 3 infants so it must be interpreted with caution). So what does this mean?
These results may indicate that using gesturing or sign in infants who have
weak language ability (defined by a lower score on a language assessment) may improve language development later on. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The
second part of this study looked more closely at the interactions between
mothers and infants to see if early gesturing or signing improved how mothers
related to their babies and understood their behavior. When mothers relate well
to their babies and understand their behavior, they have a more secure
infant-caregiver attachment and later ability to understand others’ thoughts
and feelings. While the study found no significant difference in maternal-infant
relatedness between gesture/signing groups and those who did not learn them,
there were small positive changes in the mothers’ responsiveness to their
infants’ needs and non-verbal cues. </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">A small
study by Gongora & Farkus (2009) showed some improvements in mother-infant
interactions, with higher frequencies of visual, tactile (touch) , and vocal mother-infant
interactions, when mother-infant pairs were exposed to an infant sign language
program. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Vallotten
(2012) examined the effects of using signs with infants in a group childcare
setting on caregiver responsiveness. The authors found that, at 10 months of
age, infants’ use of responsive gestures with their caregivers positively
influenced the quality of care they received. They also found that at 15 months
the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">frequency</i> of infant signing slowed,
possibly because the infants were speaking more, while <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">variety</i> of signs used increased rapidly. Interestingly, caregivers
responded less often as signing variety increased. As variety of signs became
more common, their impact on caregiver behavior slowed.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Just as
understanding and responding to infant cues can improve infant-caregiver
interactions and lead to less parental stress, signing and gesturing may have a
similar effect after 8-10 months of age when babies begin gesturing. Studies
show that babies can learn and use signs to communicate with their caregivers,
and this may improve communication and lessen frustration for both the parent
and baby until the baby can talk. However, there is currently not enough
scientific evidence to show that baby signing enhances language development or
gives babies advanced learning capabilities compared to infants that don’t
sign.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Practicing baby sign language can
be a great opportunity for parents and infants to bond and interact together. I
used a few signs when my daughter was a baby, especially around mealtime, and
it added to my understanding of her hunger and fullness cues. Using baby signs
has not been shown to be detrimental to infant language development. Research does show that verbally labelling objects can help language comprehension, so
while signing be sure to say the word out loud as well. What has been your
experience using infant sign language?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">References<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Kirk E,
Howlett N, Pine KJ, Fletcher BC. To sign or not to sign? The impact of
encouraging infants to gesture on infant language and maternal mind-mindedness.
Child Dev. 2013;84(2):574-90. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Gongora
X, Farkas C. Infant sign language program effects on synchronic mother-infant
interactions. Infant Behav Dev. 2009;32(2):216-25.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Vallotten.
Do infants influence their quality of care? Infants’ communicative gestures
predict caregivers’ responsiveness. Infant Behav Dev. 2009;32:351-365.<o:p></o:p></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-78568110371533595912014-05-06T08:00:00.000-07:002014-05-06T08:00:06.770-07:00Screen-Free Week 2014!Since it's screen-free week, we would like to encourage you to take a week off from the constant onslaught of media in your life and spend some quality face-to-face time with your kids! For a past post with more information about screen-free week and screen-time recommendations for kids, click <a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1532708164460230394#editor/target=post;postID=8795043418174950462;onPublishedMenu=posts;onClosedMenu=posts;postNum=135;src=postname">here</a>. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqvA46WnNzSWqsmTyEMv9jTqGgaerNvtCMrhZZZ5rX0F69yRF1j_jarhEDTTvwofApEBEBjTF_NhFnWOG9dmAZ8KoAblSb4AJjgnWVSxgtzBGXMbbumlSyYQEchdNetAQD4WJJpECaT_E/s1600/iStock_000001477672XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqvA46WnNzSWqsmTyEMv9jTqGgaerNvtCMrhZZZ5rX0F69yRF1j_jarhEDTTvwofApEBEBjTF_NhFnWOG9dmAZ8KoAblSb4AJjgnWVSxgtzBGXMbbumlSyYQEchdNetAQD4WJJpECaT_E/s1600/iStock_000001477672XSmall.jpg" height="132" width="200" /></a><br />
To take the 2014 Screen-Free Week pledge, click <a href="http://www.commercialfreechildhood.org/screenfreeweek">here</a>.<br />
<br />
In the mean time, take a week off from this blog too! We'll be back next week with all new posts on infant communication. Let us know if your family takes the pledge in our comments section. We'd love to hear from you!<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-66795117788619837342014-04-30T04:13:00.000-07:002014-04-30T04:13:20.266-07:00Baby Behavior is on the road again!This week our whole team made the trip across the United States to the East coast to share Baby Behavior in Maryland and New Hampshire! We'll be back next week with all new posts in our series on infant communication. Have a great week!<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-73635420980583042522014-04-25T13:45:00.002-07:002014-04-25T13:45:37.605-07:00Babies' Firsts: First WordsHappy Friday everyone!<br />
<br />
I am working on a post about language development, which got me thinking about my daughters' first words. All day I've been trying to remember how old they were when they started talking and what their first words were. Luckily, I documented these types of milestones, so even though it is Friday and my brain is ready for the weekend, I know that Olivia's first word was "Dada" when she was 11 months old and Charlotte said "mama" when she was 10 months old!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbw5QeUHRY6lBRuhhJqLyup3ir6tADQbes3L-BQD8pK4Prl0kRE4vzeJiGoQ3tULKGidHuQOJLStr2Kc3YCPnfqUJvQ1gSjjPxRBhPLKjDA-qNdHHG4v_3_EXrxHnzsyCcfUTykSS0fqAb/s1600/iStock_000007341467forblog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbw5QeUHRY6lBRuhhJqLyup3ir6tADQbes3L-BQD8pK4Prl0kRE4vzeJiGoQ3tULKGidHuQOJLStr2Kc3YCPnfqUJvQ1gSjjPxRBhPLKjDA-qNdHHG4v_3_EXrxHnzsyCcfUTykSS0fqAb/s1600/iStock_000007341467forblog.jpg" height="192" width="200" /></a>Last week we posted the answers to our <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2014/04/answers-infant-communication-quiz.html">Infant Communication Quiz</a>, which included a question about the most common first word for babies in the US. According to a study published in 2008, the most common first words are "daddy" and "mommy," so I guess my kids are pretty representative!<br />
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So now I am curious about your experience. How old was your baby when he or she said their first word and what did he or she say? <br />
<br />
Send us a comment and let us know!<br />
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Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-65010974916386456702014-04-18T08:00:00.000-07:002014-04-22T19:37:38.290-07:00Answers! Infant Communication Quiz<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong>1. What do you think is the most common 1<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>st</sup> word said by babies in the United States?</span></strong></span><br />
<div style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><em>Answer: Daddy. According to a 2008 study, the most common 1st words said by a group of 264 English-speaking babies in the United States was "Daddy", followed closely by "Mommy", and then "BaaBaa", "Bye" and "Hi."</em></span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLj4BZZ2uugPP0mG0gim58Xpy7puxFWNBJaFmSJ2y8fEz9daLKnnzRnLANNfFATe5xJdZyRr0STbcWHHzk_ExcF5Gbk4W-oNEEIt1OaVtJTea92A4lL5ZkR10nKLkQZe4-HSwgbzJf4Os/s1600/iStock_000004656347Small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLj4BZZ2uugPP0mG0gim58Xpy7puxFWNBJaFmSJ2y8fEz9daLKnnzRnLANNfFATe5xJdZyRr0STbcWHHzk_ExcF5Gbk4W-oNEEIt1OaVtJTea92A4lL5ZkR10nKLkQZe4-HSwgbzJf4Os/s1600/iStock_000004656347Small.jpg" height="132" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong>2. At what age do babies start babbling (experimenting with sounds but not saying any discernable words)?</strong></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><em>Answer: Around 6-months of age. First communication starts with your baby's coos around 1-2 months followed by babbling at about 6-months. These patterns of learning language are predictable and universal.</em></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong>3. On average, at what age do babies speak their 1<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>st</sup> words?</span></strong></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><em>Answer: Around 13-months. This is followed by a rapid expansion of your baby's vocabulary around 18-months.</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>4. True or False.</em> You can help e<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">arly vocabulary development by labelling specific objects for your baby, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">i.e "that is a block!"</i></span></strong></span></span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Georgia;">Answer: True! Attaching a word to a specific object can help infants learn new vocabulary. Describing what you or your child is doing as it happens is also helpful.</span></em><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><em></em></span></span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong><em>5. True or False. </em><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Focusing on motor development, like learning to crawl or walk, can temporarily take your baby’s focus away from learning to speak.</span></strong></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><em>Answer: True! Though this effect is brief, if your baby is intent on learning to walk, he may be so focused on that skill that he isn't as intent on learning new words. As soon as he masters walking though, he'll be back to learning to speak.</em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong>6. At what age do babies start recognizing words for common items?</strong></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><em>Answer: Between 7-12 months. Sometime around 7-12 months your baby will begin to recognize common words such as "cup", "milk" or "shoe."</em></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><strong>7. At what age is your baby able to follow directions?</strong></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><em>Answer: Between 18-months and 2 years. At this age you can begin to ask your child to help you with simple tasks like bringing you her cup or picking up her shoe.</em></span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Georgia;"></span></em><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Georgia;"></span></em><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><strong>References (by question number):</strong></span><br />
<em></em><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">1: Tardif T, Fletcher P, Liang W, Zhang Z, Kaciroti N, Marchman V. Baby's First 10 Words.
<em>Developmental Psychology.</em> 2008;44(4): 929-938.
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">2, 3, 4 & 5: Kopko K. Research Sheds Light on How Babies Learn and Develop Language. Accessed 4/9/14 at: </span><a href="http://www.human.cornell.edu/hd/outreach-extension/upload/casasola.pdf"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">http://www.human.cornell.edu/hd/outreach-extension/upload/casasola.pdf</span></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">6: Birth to 1 Year: What should my child be able to do?
Accessed 4/9/14 at:
</span><span style="font-family: Georgia;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><a href="http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/01.htm">http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/01.htm</a></span><a href="http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/01.htm"></a><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">7: Tips on Learning to Talk.
Accessed 4/9/14 at:<br />
</span><a href="http://www.zerotothree.org/child-development/early-language-literacy/helping-learn-to-talk.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">http://www.zerotothree.org/child-development/early-language-literacy/helping-learn-to-talk.html</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-14251471501449252782014-04-15T08:00:00.000-07:002014-04-15T08:00:00.154-07:00Quiz: Infant Communication<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">A few weeks back we mentioned that we will begin a new series on communication with words. We asked you, our readers, for some ideas of what you would like to know more about regarding this subject and got some great responses. We'd like to start this series with a quiz about infant communication. So, let's see how much you already know!</span><br />
<ol>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">What do you think is the most common 1<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>st</sup> word said by babies in
the United States?</span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">At what age
do babies start babbling?</span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">On average, at what age
do babies speak their 1<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>st</sup> words?</span></span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><em>True or False.</em> <span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Early
vocabulary development is stimulated when parents label specific objects for
their babies. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">i.e "that is a block!"</i></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span></li>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><em>True or False. </em><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Focusing
on motor development, like learning to crawl or walk, can temporarily take your
baby’s focus away from learning to speak.</span></span></span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">At what age
do babies start recognizing words for common items?</span></span></div>
</li>
<li><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">At
what age is your baby able to follow directions?</span></span></div>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">Get your answers ready! We'll share the answers we found at the end of the week.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Georgia;"></span></span> </div>
<ol>
</ol>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-73723333520175899952014-04-08T08:00:00.000-07:002014-04-08T08:00:06.056-07:00Blog Remodel - We need your advice!We are quickly approaching our blog's 5th birthday! Over the years, we've worked really hard to provide our readers with evidence-based information about Baby Behavior in a way that is practical and realistic for busy (and tired and maybe even overwhelmed) new parents. You may have noticed, however, that we tend to focus on content over design. Sure, we include adorable pictures with each blog post, but we haven't made many changes to the structure or features of the site since it was first created. Well, that's about to change! <br />
<br />
Over the next several months, we'd like to revamp our site, giving it a new style and, more importantly, making it easier to use. For example, we plan to reorganize the keywords section and make it easier to navigate through previous posts to find what you need (no small task given that we have 433 posts). <br />
<br />
Before we begin, we want to get your suggestions. What features would you like to see on our site? What suggestions do you have for the layout or design? Is there something we haven't written about that you are interested in? Please send us your ideas in the comments section below. <br />
<br />
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Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-46290970368214335872014-04-04T08:00:00.000-07:002014-04-04T08:00:08.596-07:00Maternal Depression and Infant Sleep<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy1TMM48IRqzwbh66EmFdmfclTh4fGVS8dCX7cHk4zO_Z0T-tioZ1KX8qIoYQp5cNoyJr_o7xF2iVhhrOSB1Fc2Z5YZO0HmtwAxiPE5okmxIMTo41NoLQzxwrAnAM8qX9BaZvtPUYlcj4/s1600/cyring+newborn+from+istock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy1TMM48IRqzwbh66EmFdmfclTh4fGVS8dCX7cHk4zO_Z0T-tioZ1KX8qIoYQp5cNoyJr_o7xF2iVhhrOSB1Fc2Z5YZO0HmtwAxiPE5okmxIMTo41NoLQzxwrAnAM8qX9BaZvtPUYlcj4/s1600/cyring+newborn+from+istock.jpg" height="200" width="133" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><o:p><span style="font-size: small;">With 14% of postpartum women in the US screening positive
for depression, according to a 2013 study, it’s important to understand how depression
affects infant sleep and how infant sleep (or lack of maternal sleep) affects
depressed mothers and their babies.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">We all know that night waking with an infant and nighttime
parenting are stressful, both physically and mentally. But for depressed mothers,
how is it different?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">The authors of a recent study proposed 2 potential
explanations for how nighttime infant behaviors and depressed mood of mothers
are related.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s a question of what
comes first. Does the infant’s night waking lead to more maternal involvement
at night and thus sleep loss predisposing the mother to depressive symptoms? Or
do the mothers’ elevated symptoms of depression predict more involvement with
the infant during the nighttime, even without infant distress, and does that cause
increased night waking? Let’s take a closer look at the study to see how these
questions were answered.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>The Study<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">Depressive symptoms were measured in 45 mothers of infants
between 1-24 months of age. The mothers kept diaries about their infant’s sleep
(i.e. sleep location, number and duration of night wakings) for 7 days. Also, a
video of bedtime/nighttime interactions for 1 night and a survey of maternal
thoughts/reactions to infant night waking (such as “It is all right to allow my
child to cry at night” and “I am able to resist my child’s demands when he/she
wakes at night”) were collected.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>Key Findings<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">Depressed
mothers had infants with more night waking.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">Mothers
who were more worried about their infants’ nighttime needs had babies that woke
more at night.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Depressed
mothers reported more thoughts of helplessness around infant night waking.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Depressed
mothers were more worried about their infants’ physical/emotional needs at
night. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Mothers’
thoughts of helplessness/loss of control around night waking were not
associated with infant night waking.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Depressed
mothers spent more time with their infants during the night.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Mothers
who were worried about their infants’ physical/emotional needs at night were
also more likely to spend more time with their infants at night.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The authors concluded the following: The more depressed
feelings a mother had, the more time she spent with her baby at night, and the
more time she spent with her baby at night, the more night waking her baby had.
Also, the more a mother worries about her baby at night, the more time she
spends near her baby, and the more time she spends near her baby, the more
times her baby wakes up. That’s a mouthful! Before we clarify what all this
means, let’s take a look at a few other findings of this study.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">88% of
moms engaged in calming bedtime routines</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Moms with
more depressive symptoms participated in less bedtime routines</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Moms with
more depressive symptoms responded more quickly to infant vocalization, some
even woke up the babies to check on them</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;">Moms with
more depressive symptoms set less limits at bedtime & during the night<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><strong>C</strong></span><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>onclusions<o:p></o:p></strong></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">That’s a lot of information to process! So, what’s the
bottom line? Maternal depressive symptoms and infant night waking are linked.
However, because of the type of study, we can’t positively say that the
mother’s depressive symptoms caused the infant night waking, or vice
versa.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We just know that certain
behaviors are associated with another behavior. Maternal worries about the
nighttime needs of her infant are also linked to infant night waking. Depressed
moms were more likely to be hyper responsive to infant nighttime needs, to the
point of waking their sleeping infant and were more likely to have an
unstructured bedtime. Now if you’ve been following our blog, you know that
following a regular calming bedtime routine can lead to less night waking! So,
if depressed mothers are more likely to have infants who wake more and are less
likely to use bedtime routines, there could be a connection.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">Now here’s another baby behavior connection. The authors
recommended parenting education on reasons for nighttime crying to reduce
maternal stress about nighttime parenting. It’s possible that information about
normal infant sleep patterns would also reduce stress at nighttime. The authors
believe mother-driven influences are at work from what they observed in the
study. Though it can’t be ruled out that the infant night waking actually
predisposed the mothers to spend more time with their infants at night, which
in turn caused depressed feelings or excess worry about infant nighttime needs.
<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">It’s important to note that this study was done with a
relatively low-risk sample of mothers, not with mothers with severe or clinical
depression. If you have depression and are a new mom, or if you know someone in
this situation, understanding about normal infant sleep and crying may be
helpful to alleviate some of the stress around nighttime parenting. Here are
some links to the basics about infant sleep and crying.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2009/06/baby-behavior-basics-part-4-crying-your.html">Crying Basics</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2009/06/baby-behavior-basics-part-1-3-reasons.html">Sleep Basics</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2013/09/our-top-5-sleep-blogs.html">Top 5 Sleep Posts</a> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Also, if you or someone you know is depressed, please see a
doctor, or encourage them to see one. There are many effective treatments for
depression that can help.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For more
information about postpartum depression, click <a href="http://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/postpartum-depression.printerview.all.html">here</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<strong><span style="font-size: small;">References<o:p></o:p></span></strong></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><span style="font-size: small;">Teti DM, Crosby B. Maternal Depressive Symptoms,
Dysfunctional Cognitions, and Infant Night Wakin: The Role of Maternal
Nighttime Behavior. <em>Child Development</em>. 2012;83(3):939-953.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;">Wisner et al. Onset timing, thoughts of self-harm, and
diagnoses in postpartum women with screen-positive depression findings. <em>JAMA
Psychiatry</em>. 2013;70 (5):490-8.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">
</span></o:p> </span><br />
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</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-61947321944032118702014-03-24T10:45:00.000-07:002014-03-24T10:45:10.593-07:00Spring Break!<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAehJdZYq5R7g1nStRwCQjz3U5p06BEil-d1C7GFa5wCoEP9tLv3W8hhVdwjsRIzwtRv72UX56Sl3mneLqAtK-A5uawxlF7YoR2qb9rzorl9HL6ZTLwn-_GHUvLpI08WcSXDK7i3lCjtp-/s1600/iStock_000017499026Small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAehJdZYq5R7g1nStRwCQjz3U5p06BEil-d1C7GFa5wCoEP9tLv3W8hhVdwjsRIzwtRv72UX56Sl3mneLqAtK-A5uawxlF7YoR2qb9rzorl9HL6ZTLwn-_GHUvLpI08WcSXDK7i3lCjtp-/s1600/iStock_000017499026Small.jpg" height="214" width="320" /></a></div>
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It's Spring Break! We hope everyone is enjoying the warmer weather and we will be back next week!</div>
Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-5680227709532353502014-03-18T18:20:00.000-07:002014-03-18T18:20:00.490-07:00Baby Behavior in the News: Safety of Infant Sleep Machines<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">If
you’ve been a long time reader or have had the chance to browse through our
previous posts, you know that we've posted a lot on infant sleep over the
years. We know from experience that one of the hardest parts of being a new
parent is adjusting to the lack of sleep that comes with caring for such a tiny
baby. In the past, we've explained why babies don’t sleep through the night
(see <a href="https://www.blogger.com/Baby%20Behavior%20Basics%20Part%201%20-%20Three%20Reasons%20Why%20Babies%20Don't%20Sleep%20Through%20the%20Night">Baby
Behavior Basics Part 1</a>), how babies sleep at different ages and the
difference between falling asleep and staying asleep (see The Science of Infant Sleep <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/03/science-of-infant-sleep-part-i-first-6.html">Part
1</a>, <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/04/science-of-infant-sleep-part-ii-big.html">Part
2</a>, and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/04/science-of-infant-sleep-part-iv-falling.html">Part
3</a>), and we’ve provided tips for sleep deprived parents (see Dealing
Realistically with Postpartum Sleep Deprivation <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2012/08/dealing-realistically-with-postpartum.html">Part
I</a> and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2012/08/dealing-realistically-with-postpartum_8.html">Part
2</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOVdZxbfb6l0mBkoSHVBgaItcPfKmJsq5knTudNjX2y2TDfKQHdLXm5q9Ehu1S9F17wGj_-9huzx6a_4ESBD45AJjRFIeV32aS6rMTnGT0oyvNK2pJnrL_7Sq2JTd9OIRjvGRgr6j5N33W/s1600/iStock_000010201390Small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOVdZxbfb6l0mBkoSHVBgaItcPfKmJsq5knTudNjX2y2TDfKQHdLXm5q9Ehu1S9F17wGj_-9huzx6a_4ESBD45AJjRFIeV32aS6rMTnGT0oyvNK2pJnrL_7Sq2JTd9OIRjvGRgr6j5N33W/s1600/iStock_000010201390Small.jpg" height="200" width="132" /></a><span style="line-height: 115%;">As
we’ve discussed infant sleep and parental fatigue, both in person at speaking engagements
and with readers of this blog, we’ve
gotten a lot of questions about the use of noise machines to help babies sleep
better. While we understand the concept
(white noise is repetitive stimulation, which we know calms babies), there are
a few reasons we’ve been careful not to recommend use of these machines for
babies. First, we know that babies, especially young babies, need to wake often
(see <a href="https://www.blogger.com/Baby%20Behavior%20Basics%20Part%201%20-%20Three%20Reasons%20Why%20Babies%20Don't%20Sleep%20Through%20the%20Night">Baby
Behavior Basics Part 1</a>) and second, we didn’t know much about the safety of
these machines for use with babies. So,
when a recently published study about the safety of infant sleep machines showed
up in the news, it caught our eye. </span><br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">The
authors evaluated 14 machines that are widely available in the US and Canada.
Each machine played a range of 1 to 10 different sounds, including nature
noises (for example, wind, water, birds, etc) white noise, mechanical sounds
(traffic, trains, etc) and heartbeat sounds. During the measurements, the
authors tried to recreate the experience of using these machines in real life.
They used a microphone set-up to mimic an infant’s ear and measured the sound
level at 3 different distances, 30 cm (~11.8
inches) similar to crib rail placement), 100 cm (~ 3 feet) to replicate
placement on a table near the crib, and 200 cm (~6.5 feet) to represent a machine
placed across the room. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Not
surprisingly, the closer the machine was to the microphone, the louder the
measurement. At the crib rail and bedside table positions, all 14 machines
exceeded the recommended levels for hospital nurseries. Three of the machines
were so loud that they would be considered dangerous for adults when exposed
for 8 hours (like overnight, for example). Even when placed across the room, 13
of the 14 measured louder than recommended. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Like
usual, the authors state that more research is needed. They did not collect
information about how these machines are usually used in real life, so this
study does not provide information about where parents usually place the
machines, how long they typically stay on, or which volume setting is used most
(they measured at the loudest setting). However,
they point out that all of these machines are easily available for purchase
with very little instruction for use or safety information and that there is
clear evidence that inappropriate noise exposure can change infants’ heart
rates, disrupt sleep quality and duration, and even lead to hearing loss. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;">The
authors suggest that policy makers
require more oversight for these machines, including limits on volume levels,
better labeling and instructions for use, and requiring automatic timers to
shut the machines off and prevent overuse.
For parents who are using these machines, they recommend placing the
machine as far away from the baby as possible, setting the volume as low as
possible, and limiting use by using automatic time shut-off or turning the machine off
once the baby falls asleep. </span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><b>Reference:</b> Hugh, Sarah C et al. Infant Sleep Machines and Hazardous Sleep Pressure Levels. Pediatrics Volume 133, Number 4, April 2014. </span>Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-8305927407377159332014-03-13T11:34:00.000-07:002014-03-13T11:34:08.287-07:00Infant Communication: Learning in the Womb
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Over the next few months we will introduce several posts
about communication. Today’s post will focus on communication between caregiver
and baby while baby is still in the womb. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYx053kMUzdtRKdISDaZj7fbFYKwC0aYqZEM3H0CdcjlACkxj71Rz2MOTHswv9nMpXZ7d8mc5lREvr5FqlP3lRAhoDCLWtO7js9wlGxQzBuMfrC2GHwwFIiZwjX7MwpxpJUPQtJWQcfFrb/s1600/iStock_000017767894XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYx053kMUzdtRKdISDaZj7fbFYKwC0aYqZEM3H0CdcjlACkxj71Rz2MOTHswv9nMpXZ7d8mc5lREvr5FqlP3lRAhoDCLWtO7js9wlGxQzBuMfrC2GHwwFIiZwjX7MwpxpJUPQtJWQcfFrb/s1600/iStock_000017767894XSmall.jpg" height="116" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Babies can hear and respond to sound prenatally and can even
develop a preference to a particular sound, voice, or song after repeated
exposure. Several studies have been conducted trying to explain how babies and
caregivers begin their first communication. Although there is still a lot that
is not known, and more research is needed, we’ve learned some interesting
details that shed light on prenatal language acquisition.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Familiar rhymes
are calming:</b> One study measured changes in fetal heart rate in response to
a rhyme that the mother recited during weeks 33-37 of pregnancy. When a
recording of the rhyme was played at 37 weeks there was a noticeable decrease
in the baby’s heart rate. There was no change in the baby’s heart rate when a
different rhyme was introduced, indicating that a familiar rhyme was calming to
the unborn baby.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Infants
“recognized” stories heard in the womb:</b> In a separate study, a 3-minute
passage was read out loud twice per day for the last 6-weeks of pregnancy.
After the babies were born the familiar passage and an unfamiliar passage were
played for the baby. Infants preferred the recording of the story heard in the
womb more frequently than the unfamiliar story. No preference was seen in a
control group of infants not exposed to any story prenatally. From this study, authors
concluded that babies do remember stories they heard while they were in the
womb.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Listening
to a familiar song changed babies’ states:</b> A study of 2-4 day old babies monitored
the infants as they listened to the theme song of a soap opera that their
mothers reported watching prenatally. Compared to infants who were not exposed
to the theme songs prenatally, infants who were exposed experienced a lower
heart rate, a decrease in movements and transitioned to a more alert state
while listening to the songs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This information doesn’t tell us anything about the
long-term effects of the sounds babies hear before they are born, but there is
evidence that reading, singing, or playing music for your baby while you are
pregnant can be calming both before and after birth. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Authors, however, warn against outside devises
such as putting headphones close to the your pregnant belly, because it may
effect <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>auditory development and interfere
with behavioral state regulation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Did you have an experience where your infant recognized a
voice, song or story that they heard while you were pregnant? We’d love to hear
your stories!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
Reference: Moon CM, Fifer WP. Evidence of transnatal auditory learning. J Perinatol. 2000;S37-44.Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-85834562373193665472014-03-05T09:43:00.000-08:002014-03-05T09:43:09.978-08:00New Series: Communicating with WordsIt's hard to believe it's been nearly 5 years since our first blog post! As we approach our anniversary, we've been looking through old posts, brainstorming ideas for new topics, and planning some exciting changes to our site (more on that later...). We've noticed that we've had only a few sporadic posts on language development, so starting soon we'll have a series of posts all about how babies learn to communicate using words. We have some ideas already, but we want to hear from you. What questions do you have about language development? Send us a comment with your questions or topic ideas and we'll work to put together a series that best meets our readers' needs! And, in the meantime, you can use the following links to access previous posts on the subject!<br />
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2009/09/from-cues-to-conversation-how-babies.html">From Cues to Conversation: How Babies Learn to Talk (Part 1)</a> (September 2009)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2009/09/from-cues-to-conversation-how-babies_14.html">From Cues to Conversation: How Babies Learn to Talk (Part 2)</a> (September 2009)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/08/baby-talk-and-adult-brain.html">Baby Talk and the Adult Brain</a> (August 2010)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2011/01/baby-book-lifetime-of-benefits.html">A Baby, A Book, A Lifetime of Benefits</a> (January 2011)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2013/10/learning-to-talk-takes-team-effort.html">Learning to Talk Takes a Team Effort</a> (October 2013)</li>
</ul>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdUV2WaCG_EIJCVEwAO8nIGd6xkwVPr8TesczaxJ2hkgN4-8ttpc-4RTLKFCK_b7deUE_UoVHd8l6KnvDqrTRB_6A_9FCTYDLneHeukxliD0GVk2MjBQijLnf4ZEDhlvgKMU2hTVihm4tw/s1600/iStock_000016439749XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdUV2WaCG_EIJCVEwAO8nIGd6xkwVPr8TesczaxJ2hkgN4-8ttpc-4RTLKFCK_b7deUE_UoVHd8l6KnvDqrTRB_6A_9FCTYDLneHeukxliD0GVk2MjBQijLnf4ZEDhlvgKMU2hTVihm4tw/s1600/iStock_000016439749XSmall.jpg" height="200" width="196" /></a></div>
<br />Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-25778468275201617452014-02-28T15:35:00.000-08:002014-02-28T15:35:16.840-08:00Good news! Preschoolers are less likely to be overweight!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1UB9QTIFx5ocoZ6d-4jNOHwjbXYvajQm15s1CvWopWK3TNFPiUn5MLgWocdbdeIXomeeA-RXt-GJ4Y78QC-b2eTK_9NFvdXtGWsg1NoGLpxP4cMt6BUcCHQ8bY2R7MO8CEZtOgELs4dW/s1600/iStock_000004761070XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1UB9QTIFx5ocoZ6d-4jNOHwjbXYvajQm15s1CvWopWK3TNFPiUn5MLgWocdbdeIXomeeA-RXt-GJ4Y78QC-b2eTK_9NFvdXtGWsg1NoGLpxP4cMt6BUcCHQ8bY2R7MO8CEZtOgELs4dW/s1600/iStock_000004761070XSmall.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
Earlier this week, a paper was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) reporting the prevelence of obesity in the United States from 2011-2012. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) collects information from people all over the country and reports their findings every other year. These data are widely used in everything from news stories to policy documents to grant proposals. If you've ever heard someone say "In the United States, one-third of all adults are overweight or obese" chances are she was referring to these data. <br />
<br />
In this most recent report, there was some exciting news! Although obesity rates didn't change much in most of the age groups, there was a significant decrease in the number of preschool-aged children who were classifed as overweight, from nearly 14% in 2003-2004 to 8.4% in 2011-2012. <br />
<br />
There is so much work going into the prevention of childhood obesity at local, state, and national levels and this report shows that these efforts are having an impact. While nearly 10% obesity among preschool children is far from desirable, it is good news that we are finally reversing course on such a challenging and devastating public health issue.<br />
<br />
<strong>Reference</strong>: Ogden CL et al. Prevalence of Childhood and Adult Obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. JAMA. 2014; 311: 806-814.Jennifer Banueloshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09004853276005637053noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-21357548707374943442014-02-25T19:49:00.000-08:002014-02-25T19:49:10.050-08:00Welcome New Readers!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyn-FINKdRjNGulV2ZuuBxkBoTWudv0rzgc7SedQ__oGFH16fvlm3zfW1fu-mu0eiahYSwBLZw2UmWlx1WAZSkPnMJFmwJEjrAA1tZHF2dOck2E39s2HivCf7QG-Z4G-gIfDHA645f5G3E/s1600/iStock_000001477672XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyn-FINKdRjNGulV2ZuuBxkBoTWudv0rzgc7SedQ__oGFH16fvlm3zfW1fu-mu0eiahYSwBLZw2UmWlx1WAZSkPnMJFmwJEjrAA1tZHF2dOck2E39s2HivCf7QG-Z4G-gIfDHA645f5G3E/s1600/iStock_000001477672XSmall.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
For those of you new to our blog, welcome! We would like to tell you how our blog works and where you can find "The Basics" of Baby Behavior, which is a great series of posts to start with if you are new, or if you haven't been around here in a while. You can begin with our overviews on your baby's <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-3-understanding.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">cues</span></a>, <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-4-crying-your-babys.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">crying</span></a>, and <a href="http://www.secretsofbabybehavior.com/2010/11/back-to-basics-part-1-reasons-why.html"><span style="color: #5588aa;">sleep patterns</span></a>. <br />
<div>
</div>
<div>
Everything else we've posted is available to you and there are a few ways you can find what you are looking for. </div>
<ul>
<li>On the left side, in the section titled <i>Blog Archive</i>, you can find links to every blog we've posted (the titles of each blog are listed with the most recent at the top). </li>
<li>If you have a specific topic you are interested in, you can use the keyword links, in the <i>Labels</i> section, to find related entries. </li>
<li>If you just want to browse full entries, you can use the <i>older posts</i> link at the bottom right of the page. This link will take you through the posts, beginning with the most recent. </li>
</ul>
We hope that you find the information we've provided useful. If you don't find what you are looking for or if you have any questions, please send us a comment. We love to answer our readers' questions and are always accepting new ideas for future posts! Dr. Jane Heinighttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04068549990790707174noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-11766461392272717622014-02-18T10:05:00.000-08:002014-02-18T10:05:07.971-08:00In the News: Graco Carseat Recall<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVBQ5EkuTYx1ydzthH8HgljgceKh6uWJ8tzJ5DDyjslJiFMdluHsx6Gr1XQdPlvF7EIKc-Pja4tJtEuL0aJ6M40-wABI6MTmp7KpLRC3xgTQmksh-6wZ8yVPLAtzAOOB5L8NW174Wtes0/s1600/SEATS-02-master180.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVBQ5EkuTYx1ydzthH8HgljgceKh6uWJ8tzJ5DDyjslJiFMdluHsx6Gr1XQdPlvF7EIKc-Pja4tJtEuL0aJ6M40-wABI6MTmp7KpLRC3xgTQmksh-6wZ8yVPLAtzAOOB5L8NW174Wtes0/s1600/SEATS-02-master180.jpg" height="200" width="160" /></a>We thought it was important to bring to your attention a very large recent recall of Graco brand car seats. About 3.7 million child care seats have been recalled because the harness buckle can get stuck and children can become trapped. This includes 11 models sold from 2009-2013. <br />
<br />
What seems to be happening is that food and drink spillage are causing stickiness in the harness buckle causing it to get stuck. Parents should check the buckle and make sure it is clean; then contact the company for a replacement buckle. The company is urging parents to use a different car seat until a new buckle is received.<br />
<br />
For the company's full press release, which models are involved, how to clean car seat buckles and how to order a replacement, click <a href="http://www.gracobaby.com/safetyandrecall/Pages/SafetyAndRecallArticle.aspx?recallID=41&page=SafetyAndRecall">here</a>.<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-49108011060965394732014-02-14T08:00:00.000-08:002014-02-14T08:00:07.390-08:00Happy Valentine's Day!We're busy training a new batch of Baby Behavior experts in Sacramento, CA. What an exciting week!<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiano5JJOf-j88QzM8SVct8svpcgb1Mw5kYcB_BxF2o9AoB3FAEOD0FOxUSvIOKTPUNzl9h5sS-F3clpEyDdo4uvMx2tyoZkBovAdRipBbEYJNSGlz8KPywTzRRzwCLu08KBQs6v-A06_w/s1600/iStock_000019188310XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiano5JJOf-j88QzM8SVct8svpcgb1Mw5kYcB_BxF2o9AoB3FAEOD0FOxUSvIOKTPUNzl9h5sS-F3clpEyDdo4uvMx2tyoZkBovAdRipBbEYJNSGlz8KPywTzRRzwCLu08KBQs6v-A06_w/s1600/iStock_000019188310XSmall.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1532708164460230394.post-72671083743162281042014-02-11T08:00:00.000-08:002014-02-11T08:00:00.808-08:00Maternal Stress: How Does it Effect Baby's Stress Level?<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj76-MKBms9C_47qwBLwGpulLiC3u9oNN6jSUZr9guSboquIHGkcznAaccDzKH52EP3hq3PXW9hWnuSMBxRBOKhNYQskqjD2exUtjr-JmDF-Dy2xFbQCn3g5EHLoN3fJjlHnxGyTKZ4S08/s1600/iStock_000008069154XSmall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj76-MKBms9C_47qwBLwGpulLiC3u9oNN6jSUZr9guSboquIHGkcznAaccDzKH52EP3hq3PXW9hWnuSMBxRBOKhNYQskqjD2exUtjr-JmDF-Dy2xFbQCn3g5EHLoN3fJjlHnxGyTKZ4S08/s1600/iStock_000008069154XSmall.jpg" height="200" width="133" /></a><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Have you ever
been around a person who is very stressed and found yourself tensed up after
spending time with them? There is actually a scientific reason for these
feelings. Scientists in the past have found that a person’s physiology actually
changes after interacting or observing the stress of another person.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But what about your baby? Can he or she sense
your stress level? A recent study was conducted to determine if infants
“caught” the stress of their mothers. After inducing a stressful state in the
mothers, researchers reunited the mothers and babies to see if the mothers’
stress changed the babies’ physiology. They also compared how a positive versus
negative stressful arousal of the mothers affected the babies. Let’s look a bit
closer at the study details.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Sixty-nine
mothers of babies 12-14 months of age participated in the study. Researchers
separated the mothers and babies and put the mothers through a stressful
interview-type situation. Evaluators then gave either positive, negative, or no
feedback to the mothers. Obviously, the mothers who received negative feedback
experienced more stress and an increased heart rate. After the stressful
experience, mothers were reunited with their babies. Soon after the babies’
heart rates were found to increase, as if they caught on that their mothers
were stressed. The greater the mother’s stress response, the greater the baby’s;
if the mother was exposed to a negative stress, there was an even bigger impact
on her infant’s physiology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: small;">While the authors admit that there is more
research needed to figure out how this happens, the results are interesting.
They hypothesize that babies may track their mothers’ emotions through changes
in her smell, facial expression, or the tension in her voice. What do you think
of this study? Have you noticed your baby picking up on the tension in your
body? How does that affect your baby’s behavior?</span> <o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">Reference <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Waters SF</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">,
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">West TV</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">,
</span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Mendes WB</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";">.
Stress Contagion: Physiological Covariation Between Mothers and Infants. </span><span style="color: windowtext; font-family: "Georgia","serif"; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Psychol Sci.</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"> 2014 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print]<o:p></o:p></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0